After a rocky start, Simon and Garfunkel also found mainstream success in 1965. Tensions began to rise between himself and the folk and protest movements, however, and 19 saw a rapid change in his musical style. He returned in 1963, to sing with Joan Baez at the March on Washington. In December of that year, he toured in the United Kingdom. Bob Dylan signed with Columbia Records in October of 1962, and moved to 161 West 4th Street. Peter, Paul, and Mary sang at the March on Washington in 1963, and at the Selma-Montgomery March in 1965. It is believed that their relationship was the inspiration for her song, ‘Tin Angel.’ Mitchell also frequented the Tin Angel Café next door, along with Roy Blumenfeld. It was also the place where Joni Mitchell had her first performance in New York City, in 1967. Another hangout and performance space was at 152 Bleecker Street, at Café au Go Go, which opened in 1964.īefore it closed in 1969, Café au Go Go hosted Judy Collins, Odetta, the Grateful Dead (who made their New York debut here), Linda Ronstadt, Van Morrison, Jimi Hendrix, James Cotton, Muddy Waters, Jefferson Airplane, Cream, and many others. Folk musicians also gathered at the Bottom Line (15 West 4th Street), and the Village Gate (160 Bleecker Street). Paul Clayton reportedly met Bob Dylan at the Kettle of Fish he and Dave Van Ronk would become mentors to Dylan. The Gaslight Café and the Kettle of Fish (at 116 and 114 MacDougal Street, respectively) had also continued to book and serve folk musicians. This was the beginning of a long-standing grudge between Dylan and Simon.) (Bob Dylan was there, and apparently talked through the whole show. One evening, with Columbia producer Tom Wilson in the audience, they debuted three songs: ‘Sparrow,’ ‘He Was My Brother,’ and ‘The Sound of Silence.’ Wilson brought the duo in for a studio audition, where they were signed, after another performance of ‘The Sound of Silence.’ They returned to Gerde’s Folk City in 1964 as Simon and Garfunkel. In 1963, a duo calling themselves ‘Kane & Garr’ began playing at Gerde’s Folk City on Monday nights. She would launch his career, inviting him to play with her on stage, and scolding fans who found his voice bothersome. She was quickly rising in popularity at the time, becoming known as the ‘Queen of Folk,’ and he was apparently eager to impress her. This is also where he first played ‘Blowin’ in the Wind,’ and met Joan Baez. He also got his first major break here, when his performance was reviewed in the New York Times. Bob Dylan had his first professional gig here on April 11, 1961, supporting Blues great John Lee Hooker. The Weavers (including Pete Seeger and Woody Guthrie), Sonny Terry, Brownie McGhee, Joni Mitchell, Judy Collins, Loudon Wainwright III, and Rev. English was MC at the venue, working alongside Charlie Rothschild, who would become Judy Collins’ manager. Carolyn Hester and Logan English were the first two folk musicians to perform there, in June of 1960. Gerde’s Folk City, at 11 West 4th Street, was another popular performance space and hangout. (It is still open today, at 147 Bleecker Street.) It held hootenannies every week, and also hosted Joan Baez, Joni Mitchell, John Denver, Bob Dylan, Judy Collins, Odetta, Neil Young, Pete Seeger, Josh White, and Phil Ochs, among many, many others. The Bitter End had just opened that year. She, Yarrow, and Stookey performed together as Peter, Paul, and Mary, for the first time at the Bitter End in 1961. As an adult, she moved to Macdougal Street, and hung out with the Clancy Brothers at the White Horse Tavern (567 Hudson Street). She attended Elizabeth Irwin High School, where her musical director introduced her to Pete Seeger. Mary Travers had been born in Kentucky, but her family had moved to Greenwich Village when she was about three years old. So was Noel Paul Stookey, who had come to the Village in 1959, as well as Peter Yarrow. He continued to play with Neil, who is now better known for writing ‘Everybody’s Talking,’ which was featured in the film ‘Midnight Cowboy.’ Paul Clayton and Dave van Ronk were also playing at Café Wha? at the time. Fred Neil, the club’s MC, found out that he was a musician, and asked him to play something. Just a few hours after slamming the car door shut, Dylan was walking into Café Wha?, at 115 MacDougal Street. He’d dropped out of the University of Minnesota, and spent the last twenty-four hours driving east with Fred Underhill and two others. But it is widely accepted that Bob Dylan arrived in New York City on 24 January 1961, in the midst of the coldest winter New York had seen in 28 years. MacDougal Street between Minetta Lane and Bleecker Streets.
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